In computer networks, to ''download'' (may be referred as DL or dl in internet terms as opposed to UL-upload) means to receive data to a local system from a remote system, or to initiate such a data transfer. Examples of a remote system from which a download might be performed include a webserver, FTP server, email server, or other similar systems. It is important to note that the true definition of download and upload, refers to the size of the systems involved not necessarily the direction of transfer. For example, a file is downloaded from a server to a PC, but a file is also downloaded from a PC to a smaller device such as a Programmable Logic Controller.

A ''download'' can mean either any file that is offered for downloading or that has been downloaded, or the process of receiving such a file.

It has become more common to mistake and confuse the meaning of downloading and installing or simply combine them incorrectly together.

The inverse operation, ''uploading'', can refer to the sending of data from a local system to a remote system such as a server or another client with the intent that the remote system should store a copy of the data being transferred, or the initiation of such a process. The words first came into popular usage among computer users with the increased popularity of Bulletin Board Systems (BBSs), facilitated by the widespread distribution and implementation of dial-up access the in the 1970s.

Download

The use of the terms uploading and downloading often imply that the data sent or received is to be stored permanently, or at least stored more than temporarily. In contrast, the term downloading is distinguished from the related concept of ''streaming'', which indicates the receiving of data that is used near immediately as it is received, while the transmission is still in progress and which may not be stored long-term, whereas in a process described using the term downloading, this would imply that the data is only usable when it has been received in its entirety. Increasingly, websites that offer streaming media or media displayed in-browser, such as YouTube, and which place restrictions on the ability of users to save these materials to their computers after they have been received, say that ''downloading'' is not permitted. In this context, "download" implies specifically "receive and save" instead of simply "receive". However, it is also important to note that "downloading" is not the same as "transferring" (i.e., sending/receiving data between two storage devices would be a transferral of data, but receiving data from the Internet would be considered a download of data).

Sideload

When applied to local transfers (sending data from one local system to another local system), it is often difficult to decide if it is an upload or download, as both source and destination are in the local control of the user. Technically if the user uses the receiving device to initiate the transfer then it would be a download and if they used the sending device to initiate it would be an upload. However, as most non-technical users tend to use the term download to refer to any data transfer, the term "sideload" is sometimes being used to cover all local to local transfers to end this confusion.

Remote upload

When there is a transfer of data from a remote system to another remote system, the process is called "remote uploading". This is used by some online file hosting services.

Remote uploading is also used in situations where the computers that need to share data are located on a distant high speed local area network, and the remote control is being performed using a comparatively slow dialup modem connection.

For example:

The user remotely accesses a file hosting service at MyRemoteHost.

The user finds a public file at PublicRemoteHost and wants to keep a copy in their MyRemoteHost.

To have it done they "remote upload" the file from PublicRemoteHost to MyRemoteHost.

None of the hosts are located on the user's local network.

Without remote uploading functionality, the user would be required to download the file first to their local host and then re-upload it to the remote file hosting server.

Where the connection to the remote computers is via a dialup connection, the transfer time required to download locally and then re-upload could increase from seconds, to hours or days.

See also

BitTorrent (protocol)

Bulletin Board System

Digital Pack Rat

Download manager

MediaFire

Metalink

Music download

Peer-to-peer

References

Category:Computer networking Category:Data transmission Category:Network file transfer protocols Category:Servers

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name	Larry Williams
background	solo_singer
birth name	Lawrence Eugene Williams
born	May 10, 1935New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
died	January 07, 1980Los Angeles, California Interment Inglewood Park Cemetery, Inglewood California.
origin	New Orleans
instrument	Vocals, Piano
genre	Rock and rollRhythm and bluesFunkSoul
occupation	Singer, songwriter, pianist, producer
years active	1954–1979
label	Specialty Okeh
notable instruments	Piano }}

Larry Williams (May 10, 1935 – January 7, 1980) was an American rhythm and blues and rock and roll singer, songwriter, producer, and pianist from New Orleans, Louisiana. Williams is best known for writing and recording some rock and roll classics from 1957 to 1959 for Specialty Records, including "Bony Moronie", "Short Fat Fannie", "High School Dance" (1957), "Slow Down", "Dizzy Miss Lizzie" (1958), "Bad Boy" and "She Said Yeah," (1959) which were later covered by British Invasion groups and other artists. John Lennon, in particular, was a fan of Williams, recording several of his songs over the course of his career. "Bony Moronie" is listed as one of the Top 500 songs that shaped Rock and Roll.

Williams lived a life mixed with tremendous success and violence-fueled drug addiction. He was a long-time friend of Little Richard.

Career

As a child in New Orleans, Williams learned how to play piano. When he was a teenager, he and his family moved to Oakland, California, where he joined a local R&B group called the Lemon Drops. In 1954, Williams went back to New Orleans for a visit. He began work as Lloyd Price's valet and played in the bands of Price, Roy Brown and Percy Mayfield. In 1955, Williams met and developed a friendship with Little Richard Penniman, who was recording at the time in New Orleans. Price and Penniman were both recording for Specialty Records at the time. Williams was introduced to Specialty's house producer, Robert Blackwell, and was signed to record.

In 1957, Little Richard was Specialty's biggest star, but bolted from Rock and Roll to pursue the ministry. Williams was quickly groomed by Blackwell to try to replicate his success. Using the same raw, shouting vocals and piano-driven intensity, Williams scored with a number of hit singles.

Williams' three biggest successes were "Short Fat Fannie", which was his first hit, reaching #5 in Billboard's pop chart, "High School Dance", which also made #5, and "Bony Moronie", which peaked at #14. Both "Short Fat Fanny" and "Bony Moronie" sold over one million copies, gaining gold discs.

Several of his songs achieved later success as revivals by The Beatles ("Bad Boy", "Slow Down", and "Dizzy Miss Lizzy"); The Rolling Stones ("She Said Yeah"); and John Lennon's versions of "Bony Moronie" and "Dizzy Miss Lizzy".

Williams had been involved with underworld activity since his early teens, and had reputedly been a pimp before he ever recorded music. After 1957 Williams did not have much success selling records. He recorded a number of songs in 1958 and 1959, including "Heebie Jeebies", with band members such as Plas Johnson on tenor sax and Alvin "Red" Tyler on baritone, Barney Kessel on guitar, Gerald Wilson on trumpet, Ernie Freeman or Williams himself on piano, and Earl Palmer on drums. He was convicted of dealing narcotics in 1960 and served a jail term, setting back his career considerably.

Williams made a comeback in the mid-1960s with a funky soul band that included Johnny "Guitar" Watson, which paired him musically with Little Richard who had been lured back into secular music. He produced two Little Richard albums for Okeh Records in 1966 and 1967, which returned Little Richard to the Billboard album chart for the first time in ten years and spawned the hit single ''Poor Dog''. He also acted as the music director for the Little Richard's live performances at the Okeh Club. Bookings for Little Richard during this period skyrocketed. Williams also recorded and released material of his own and with Watson, with some moderate chart success. This period may have garnered few hits but produced some of his best and most original work.

Williams also began acting in the 1960s, appearing on film in ''Just for the Hell of It'' (1968), ''The Klansman'' (1974), and ''Drum'' (1976).

In the 1970s, there was also a brief dalliance with disco, but Williams' wild lifestyle continued. By the middle of the decade, the drug abuse and violence was taking its toll. In 1977, Williams pulled a gun on and threatened to kill his long-time friend, Little Richard, over a drug debt. They were both living in Los Angeles and addicted to cocaine. Little Richard bought drugs from him, arranged to pay him later, but did not show up because he was high. Williams was furious. He hunted him down but ended up showing compassion on his long-time friend after Little Richard repaid the debt. This, along with other factors, led to Little Richard's return to born again Christianity and the ministry, but Williams would not escape LA's seedy underworld.

Death

On January 7, 1980, Williams was found dead from a gunshot wound to his head in his Los Angeles, California home. He was 44 years old. The death was deemed suicide, though there was much speculation otherwise. No suspects were ever arrested or charged.

Martin Allbritton as Larry Williams

A Southern Illinois drummer and blues singer by the name of Martin Allbritton claims to be Larry Williams, alive and well. This claim originated at about the time Larry Williams was found dead. He did record and perform as a drummer for blues legend Bobby 'Blue' Bland in the 1960s. Albritton has toured the country performing under the moniker of "Big" Larry Williams, and has gone so far as to claim that he recorded the hits "Bony Moronie" and "Dizzy Miss Lizzy". He did record an album in 1990 called "Street Party" with the Mellow Fellows band, previously headed by Big Twist. While touring with the Mellow Fellows in Chicago, Allbritton was confronted by Etta James, who knew Larry Williams.

Williams' family members have asked him to cease any future reference to "Larry Williams". Allbritton has so far refused, and presently continues to use the name.

Selective list of recorded cover versions

"Bony Moronie": John Lennon, Johnny Burnette, Dr. Feelgood, Flying Burrito Brothers, Johnny Winter, Little Richard, Paul Jones,Bobby Comstock Showaddywaddy, The Who, Jumpin' Gene Simmons, The Shadows, Ritchie Valens, Bill Haley & His Comets, The Creation, Freddy Fender, The Aztecs, The Rebel Rousers, The Standells, Hush.

"Bony Moronie" (plus Spanish version as "Popotitos"): Mike Ríos con Los Relámpagos, Alejandra Guzmán, Serú Girán, Luis Miguel, Dúo Dinámico, Ricky Martin

"Dizzy, Miss Lizzy": Plastic Ono Band, The Beatles, New York Dolls, Flying Lizards, The Saints

"She Said Yeah": The Rolling Stones, The Animals, Paul McCartney, Russ Ballard, Flamin' Groovies, The End, Pussy Galore

"Slow Down": Alvin Lee, Blodwyn Pig, Episode Six, The Beatles, Gerry & The Pacemakers, Johnny Hallyday, The Jam, Brian May, The Young Rascals

"Short Fat Fannie": Little Richard, Frankie Lymon & The Teenagers, The Dovells, The Beatles

"Groovy Little Suzy": Little Richard

"Bad Boy": The Beatles, Rush, Teengenerate.

Singles

1966 This Old Heart (Is So Lonely) / I'd Rather Fight Than Switch (Okeh#7259)

1967 Johnny Watson and Larry Williams - Mercy, Mercy, Mercy / A Quitter Never Wins (Okeh#7274)

1967 You Ask For One Good Reason / I Am The One (Okeh#7280)

1967 Johnny Watson and Larry Williams - Too Late / Two For The Price Of One (Okeh#7281)

1967 Just Because / Just Because (Okeh#7294)

1967 Johnny Watson and Larry Williams - Find Yourself Someone To Love / Nobody (Okeh#7300)

References

External links

Biography at Concordmusic.com

Fan website

Article with a picture at NNDB

Larry Williams discography

Rock and Roll Hall of Fame - Top 500 Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll

Category:1935 births Category:1980 deaths Category:American rhythm and blues singers Category:American rock singer-songwriters Category:African American singers Category:Bell Records artists Category:Chess Records artists Category:Smash Records artists Category:Specialty Records artists Category:Okeh Records artists Category:Sue Records artists Category:People from New Orleans, Louisiana Category:Suicides by firearm in California Category:Burials at Inglewood Park Cemetery Category:Northern soul musicians

de:Larry Williams es:Larry Williams (músico) fr:Larry Williams it:Larry Williams ja:ラリー・ウィリアムズ (歌手) ru:Уильямс, Ларри sv:Larry Williams